Preheat the oven. Set to 375°F (190°C). Grease a 9x13-inch baking dish with cooking spray or butter.
Cook the sausage. Heat a large skillet over medium heat.
Add the sausage (and olive oil if needed). Cook, breaking it up with a spatula, until browned and cooked through, about 6–8 minutes. Drain excess grease if there’s a lot.
Sauté the veggies. In the same skillet, add onion and bell pepper.
Cook for 3–4 minutes until softened. Stir in spinach and cook just until wilted, about 1 minute. Season with a pinch of salt and pepper.
Whisk the egg mixture. In a large bowl, whisk eggs, heavy cream, garlic powder, smoked paprika, Italian seasoning, 1 teaspoon salt, and 1/2 teaspoon pepper until smooth.
Layer the casserole. Spread the cooked sausage evenly in the baking dish.
Add the sautéed veggies on top. Sprinkle 1 cup of the shredded cheese over the mixture.
Pour and top. Pour the egg mixture evenly over everything. Tap the dish gently on the counter to settle.
Sprinkle the remaining 1/2 cup cheese on top.
Bake. Place on the middle rack and bake for 25–35 minutes, until the center is set and the top is lightly golden. A knife inserted near the center should come out clean.
Rest and serve. Let it cool for 5–10 minutes before slicing. This helps the casserole firm up and makes cleaner slices.